# Risk, Uncertainty, and Cognitive Bias

Distinguish between risk (decisions with known probabilities) and uncertainty (decisions with unknown outcomes); identify cognitive biases that distort risk assessment: availability heuristic (judging likelihood by how easily examples come to mind), present bias (overvaluing the immediate over the future), optimism bias (underestimating personal risk), and groupthink; understand why adolescent brains are biologically calibrated toward higher risk tolerance; apply a structured decision-making framework to real choices; understand the role of personal values in decisions where facts alone cannot determine the answer

Builds on: Difficult Ethical Choices (hard, https://ai.page/c/difficult-ethical-choices/en.md), Ethics in Real-World Issues (hard, https://ai.page/c/ethics-in-real-world-issues/en.md)

Concept id: risk-uncertainty-and-cognitive-bias. Subject: personal-development. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0.

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