How to learn Grade 4: Science

Alabama academic standards: Science, Grade 4

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1. Earth and Human Activity

1. Natural Disaster Solutions: Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans, such as earthquakes, floods, or volcanic eruptions
2. Natural resources: Obtain and combine information to describe that energy and fuels are derived from natural resources and that their uses affect the environment

2. Earth’s Systems

1. Finding patterns in data: Analyse and interpret data from maps to describe patterns of Earth's features, recognising that many features result from processes that occur over long periods
2. Erosion and weathering: Make observations and measurements to provide evidence of the effects of weathering or the rate of erosion by water, ice, wind, or vegetation
3. How fossils form: Identify evidence from patterns in rock formations and fossils in rock layers to support an explanation for changes in a landscape over time
4. Evaporation and condensation: Name and use vocabulary for the water cycle — evaporation, condensation, precipitation, collection, transpiration, water vapour, runoff, groundwater — and describe each stage of the cycle using these terms in the correct sequence
5. The Water Cycle: Understand the water cycle: the Sun heats water in oceans and lakes causing it to evaporate into water vapour, the vapour rises and cools to form clouds (condensation), and water falls back to Earth as rain, snow, or hail (precipitation) — then the cycle repeats

3. From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

1. Senses, Brain & Responses: Use a model to describe that animals receive information through their senses, process it in their brain, and respond in different ways
2. Structures for Survival: Construct an argument that plants and animals have internal and external structures that function to support survival, growth, behaviour, and reproduction

4. Waves and Their Applications in Technologies for Information Transfer

1. How We See Objects: Develop a model to describe that light reflecting from objects and entering the eye allows objects to be seen
2. Patterns & Codes for Information: Generate and compare multiple solutions that use patterns to transfer information, such as codes and signals
3. Waves & How They Move: Develop a model of waves to describe patterns in terms of amplitude and wavelength, and understand that waves can cause objects to move

5. Energy

1. Naming types of energy: Name and use vocabulary for types of energy and energy transfer — kinetic energy, potential energy, heat energy, light energy, sound energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, stored energy, energy transfer, energy transformation — and describe energy changes in familiar situations using these terms
2. How energy travels around: Observe and provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents
3. Building an energy-converting device: Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another
4. Speed and energy: Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object
5. What happens when things collide: Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide
6. Balanced & Unbalanced Forces: Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence of the effects of balanced and unbalanced forces on the motion of an object