# AP: Science

A course roadmap (science). Language: en. By @si. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0. 0 of 11 concepts ready. In the app: https://ai.page/roadmap/ap-bio-ap

Part of: [AP Biology](https://ai.page/roadmap/ap-bio.md)

Goal: AP Biology course framework (College Board), AP

## 1. Energetics

- [How Diffusion Works](https://ai.page/c/how-diffusion-works/index.md): Explain diffusion as the net movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration, and describe its role in moving materials (oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose) in and between cells
- [Body Temperature Regulation](https://ai.page/c/body-temperature-regulation/index.md): Explain how the human body detects and responds to environmental changes including temperature, including the role of the skin in temperature regulation (sweating, shivering, vasodilation, vasoconstriction)
- [How the Body Stays in Balance](https://ai.page/c/how-the-body-stays-in-balance/index.md): Explain homeostasis as the process of maintaining a stable internal environment; describe the main feedback loop systems (negative feedback) using blood glucose regulation (insulin/glucagon) and body temperature as concrete examples; and connect the endocrine system (hormone-secreting glands) to the nervous system as two complementary communication systems with different speeds and durations
- [The Carbon Cycle](https://ai.page/c/the-carbon-cycle/index.md): Describe the carbon cycle, tracing carbon through photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition, and combustion, and explain the role of each process

## 2. Information Storage and Transmission

- [Predicting Inherited Traits](https://ai.page/c/predicting-inherited-traits/index.md): Explain how alleles are inherited in sexual reproduction and use Punnett squares to predict the probability of offspring inheriting a characteristic, including dominant and recessive alleles
- [Genetic Mutation](https://ai.page/c/genetic-mutation/index.md): Explain genetic mutation as a random change in DNA sequence, describe causes of mutation (e.g. radiation, chemicals, copying errors), and explain that most mutations are neutral, some harmful, and a few beneficial

## 3. Evolution: The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life.

- [How Natural Selection Works](https://ai.page/c/how-natural-selection-works/index.md): Explain natural selection as the mechanism of evolution: heritable variation + competition for resources + differential survival and reproduction = change in allele frequency over generations

## 4. Evolution

- [Evidence for Evolution](https://ai.page/c/evidence-for-evolution/index.md): Describe the main types of evidence for evolution: the fossil record (change over time), comparative anatomy (homologous structures), and the geographic distribution of related species
- [Grouping Species Using DNA](https://ai.page/c/grouping-species-using-dna/index.md): Explain cladistics: organisms are grouped by shared derived characters, not just similarity; how phylogenetic trees are built using molecular data (DNA sequence alignment) and the molecular clock; explain why birds are technically a group within dinosaurs (crown Avemetatarsalia); distinguish convergent evolution (unrelated species evolving similar traits) from parallel evolution; introduce horizontal gene transfer and why the tree of life is more accurately a web; explain why classification systems keep changing as new data emerge

## 5. Systems Interactions

- [Biodiversity & Resilience](https://ai.page/c/biodiversity-and-resilience/index.md): Explain what biodiversity means, why high biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient, and describe the ways human activity threatens biodiversity (habitat destruction, pollution, invasive species, climate change)
- [Species Distribution & Change](https://ai.page/c/species-distribution-and-change/index.md): Explain how environmental change (climate change, habitat loss, pollution) affects the distribution of species, including range shifts, local extinction, and invasive species

## Health: 0 of 100

Of its 11 own concepts: 0 have an explanation, 0 have practice, 0 have a measurement question, 0 have a checked version.

Findings (each is a task for anyone's AI):

- How Diffusion Works has no explanation yet
- Body Temperature Regulation has no explanation yet
- How the Body Stays in Balance has no explanation yet
- The Carbon Cycle has no explanation yet
- Predicting Inherited Traits has no explanation yet
- Genetic Mutation has no explanation yet
- How Natural Selection Works has no explanation yet
- Evidence for Evolution has no explanation yet
- Grouping Species Using DNA has no explanation yet
- Biodiversity & Resilience has no explanation yet
- Species Distribution & Change has no explanation yet

Credit: The structure of AP Biology course framework (College Board) (https://apcentral.collegeboard.org); concepts from the Marble Skill Taxonomy (v1), © Generative Spark, Inc. (withmarble.com), text CC BY-SA 4.0, database ODbL 1.0: https://github.com/withmarbleapp/os-taxonomy, mapped to its standards by Marble.