How to learn Year 4: Mathematics

Victorian Curriculum and VCE (VCAA): Mathematics, Year 4

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1. Probability

1. Experimental probability: Record, describe, and analyse the frequency of outcomes from probability experiments to develop an understanding of relative frequency as an estimate of probability
2. Likelihood Language: Use probability language to describe and compare the likelihood of everyday events using words such as certain, likely, even chance, unlikely, impossible

2. Statistics

1. Statistical Analysis Vocabulary: Read, write, and use the vocabulary of statistical analysis — mean, median, mode, range, frequency, data, sample, average, chart, table, graph, pie chart, scatter graph, correlation — with understanding of what each term describes
2. Bar graphs: Interpret and present discrete and continuous data using appropriate graphical methods, including bar charts and time graphs
3. Pictograms and tally charts: Interpret and construct simple pictograms, tally charts, block diagrams, and simple tables

3. Space

1. 2-D shapes (age 8+): Identify lines of symmetry in 2-D shapes presented in different orientations; recognise line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry
2. Classifying shapes by properties: Compare and classify geometric shapes based on their properties and sizes; understand that attributes belonging to a category also belong to all subcategories; classify two-dimensional figures in a hierarchy based on properties

4. Measurement

1. Estimating Angles: Estimate and compare acute, obtuse, and reflex angles in degrees; classify angles by type and order them by size
2. Measurement Conversions: Solve problems involving the calculation and conversion of units of measure, using decimal notation and multi-step reasoning in real-world contexts
3. Measuring Perimeters: Measure the perimeter of simple 2-D shapes
4. Measuring with different units: Measure the length of an object using two different length units and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit chosen

5. Algebra

1. All times tables to 12×12: Recall multiplication and division facts for multiplication tables up to 12 × 12

6. Number

1. Shape patterns: Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule; identify apparent features of the pattern not explicit in the rule and explain informally why they occur
2. Modelling with multiplication and fractions: Model real-world problems involving multiplication, area, fractions, and unit conversion by choosing appropriate representations and interpreting mathematical results in context
3. Estimating by rounding: Estimate the answer to a calculation and use inverse operations to check answers; apply to increasingly large numbers using rounding and inverse reasoning
4. Choosing mathematical tools: Select and use appropriate tools and representations strategically: choose between mental, written, and diagrammatic methods; use calculators for checking; select fraction models suited to the task
5. Multiplying by Tens: Multiply one-digit whole numbers by multiples of 10 in the range 10–90 using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
6. Multiplying fractions: Understand a/b as a multiple of 1/b; multiply proper fractions and mixed numbers by whole numbers, supported by visual models (e.g. 3 × 2/5 = 6/5 = 1 1/5)
7. Equivalent fractions: Recognise and show, using diagrams, equivalent fractions with small denominators
8. Decimal place value: Round decimals to any place using place-value understanding; round any whole number to a required degree of accuracy