How to learn 8º ano: Mathematics

Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), Ensino Fundamental: Matemática (Mathematics), 8º ano

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1. Mathematics

1. Percentages (age 12+): Solve problems involving percentage increase, percentage decrease, finding the original value after a percentage change, and calculating simple interest
2. Algebraic Transformations: Model situations or procedures by translating them into algebraic expressions or formulae and by using graphs; move between word problems, algebraic representations, tables, and graphical representations
3. Simultaneous Equations: Understand that two linear equations can be solved simultaneously by finding the point where their graphs intersect, and interpret this graphically and algebraically as the pair of values satisfying both equations
4. Proportion: Recognise and solve problems involving direct proportion (as one quantity increases, the other increases at a constant rate) and inverse proportion (as one increases, the other decreases), including graphical and algebraic representations
5. Properties of triangles and quadrilaterals: Derive and illustrate properties of triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles using appropriate language, including interior angles, diagonals, symmetry, and relationships between side lengths
6. Understanding angles (age 12+): Use ruler and compasses to perform standard constructions: perpendicular bisector of a line segment, perpendicular to a line from or at a given point, and bisecting an angle
7. Coordinate Transformations: Identify properties of translations, rotations, and reflections; describe and perform these transformations on given figures, and understand that the image is congruent to the original
8. Circles: Circumference & Area: Calculate the circumference and area of circles using the formulae C = πd (or 2πr) and A = πr², and solve problems involving perimeters and areas of composite shapes that include circular parts
9. Tree diagrams: Generate theoretical sample spaces for single and combined events using listing, tables, and tree diagrams, and calculate theoretical probabilities as the number of favourable outcomes divided by the total number of equally likely outcomes
10. Comparing measurements: Describe, interpret, and compare distributions of a single variable using appropriate measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) and spread (range), including the effect of outliers