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How to learn Grade 2: Mathematics

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, Grade 2

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1. Geometry · Reason with shapes and their attributes.

  1. Angles in triangles (age 7+): Recognise and draw shapes having specified attributes (e.g. a given number of angles or equal faces); identify triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, and cubes
  2. Rows & Columns in Rectangles: Partition a rectangle into rows and columns of same-size squares and count to find the total number of them
  3. Splitting shapes into equal parts (age 7+): Partition circles and rectangles into two, three, or four equal shares; describe shares as halves, thirds, and fourths; recognise that equal shares of identical wholes need not have the same shape

2. Measurement and Data · Measure and estimate lengths in standard units.

  1. Measuring length (age 7+): Measure the length of an object by selecting and using appropriate tools such as rulers, yardsticks, metre sticks, and measuring tapes
  2. Measuring with different units: Measure the length of an object using two different length units and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit chosen
  3. Estimating Lengths: Estimate lengths using units of inches, feet, centimetres, and metres
  4. Comparing lengths by measuring: Measure to determine how much longer one object is than another, expressing the length difference in terms of a standard length unit

3. Measurement and Data · Represent and interpret data.

  1. Picture & Bar Graphs: Draw a picture graph and a bar graph (with single-unit scale) to represent a data set with up to four categories; solve put-together, take-apart, and compare problems using information presented in a bar graph
  2. Measuring & Plotting Lengths: Generate measurement data by measuring lengths to the nearest whole unit and display the data on a line plot

4. Measurement and Data · Relate addition and subtraction to length.

  1. Addition and subtraction word problems: Solve word problems involving lengths within 100, using addition and subtraction with drawings and equations
  2. Numbers on a number line: Represent whole numbers as lengths on a number line and represent sums and differences within 100 on a number line diagram

5. Measurement and Data · Work with time and money.

  1. Telling time to the minute (age 7+): Tell and write time from analogue and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, using a.m., p.m., and 12-hour and 24-hour notation
  2. Halves and quarters (age 7+): Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and ¢ symbols appropriately

6. Number and Operations in Base Ten · Understand place value.

  1. A Hundred Is Ten Tens: Understand that 100 can be thought of as a bundle of ten tens — called a 'hundred'
  2. The three digits of a three-digit number: Understand that the three digits of a three-digit number represent amounts of hundreds, tens, and ones
  3. The multiples of 100: Understand that the multiples of 100 (100–900) each represent a number of hundreds with 0 tens and 0 ones
  4. Counting Within 1,000: Count within 1000, including skip-counting by 5s, 10s, and 100s
  5. Reading and writing numbers to 1000: Read and write numbers to 1000 in numerals, number names, and expanded form
  6. Ordering Numbers to 1000: Compare and order numbers up to 1000 using >, =, and < symbols, based on place-value understanding

7. Number and Operations in Base Ten · Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

  1. Fluent adding and subtracting within 100: Fluently add and subtract within 100 using strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction
  2. Adding numbers: Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
  3. Addition and subtraction within 1000: Add and subtract within 1000 using concrete models, drawings, and strategies based on place value; understand composing and decomposing tens and hundreds
  4. 10 or 100 More or Less: Find 10 or 100 more or less than a given number up to 1000
  5. Addition and subtraction strategies (age 7+): Explain why addition and subtraction strategies work, using place value and the properties of operations

8. Operations and Algebraic Thinking · Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

  1. Two-Step Word Problems: Solve one- and two-step word problems within 100 using addition and subtraction, with unknowns in all positions

9. Operations and Algebraic Thinking · Add and subtract within 20.

  1. Fluent adding and subtracting within 20: Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies; know from memory all sums of two one-digit numbers

10. Operations and Algebraic Thinking · Work with equal groups of objects to gain foundations for multiplication.

  1. Odd or Even: Determine whether a group of objects (up to 20) has an odd or even number of members
  2. Arrays for multiplication (age 7+): Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and 5 columns; write an equation to express the total as a sum of equal addends