How to learn Class 8: Mathematics

NCERT Learning Outcomes at the Elementary Stage (2017): Mathematics, Classes 1–8, Class 8

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1. Mathematics

1. Square and cube numbers: Use integer powers and associated real roots (square, cube, and higher); recognise powers of 2, 3, 4, and 5; distinguish between exact representations of roots and their decimal approximations
2. Percentages (age 12+): Solve problems involving percentage increase, percentage decrease, finding the original value after a percentage change, and calculating simple interest
3. Proportion: Recognise and solve problems involving direct proportion (as one quantity increases, the other increases at a constant rate) and inverse proportion (as one increases, the other decreases), including graphical and algebraic representations
4. Properties of triangles and quadrilaterals: Derive and illustrate properties of triangles, quadrilaterals, and circles using appropriate language, including interior angles, diagonals, symmetry, and relationships between side lengths
5. Angles in triangles (age 11+): Derive and apply formulae for the area of triangles, parallelograms, and trapezia, and for the volume of cuboids and other prisms (including cylinders), connecting each formula to its geometric reasoning
6. Pictograms and tally charts (age 11+): Construct and interpret frequency tables, bar charts, pie charts, pictograms, and vertical line charts for both categorical and grouped numerical data, choosing appropriate representations for the data type