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How to learn Grade 4: English language arts

Kansas academic standards: English language arts, Grade 4

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1. Grade 4 · Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when speaking.

  1. Formal and Informal English: Recognise and compare formal and informal uses of English, understanding that language choices vary based on audience, purpose and context
  2. Grammar Terms: Pronouns and Determiners: Know and use Year 4 grammar terminology including determiner, pronoun, possessive pronoun, and adverbial
  3. Revising and editing (age 7+): Evaluate and edit writing by assessing effectiveness, proposing changes to grammar and vocabulary for consistency, and proof-reading for spelling, grammar and punctuation errors at Y3-4 level
  4. Adjective Order in Sentences: Order adjectives within sentences according to conventional English patterns (opinion-size-age-shape-colour-origin-material-purpose) to produce natural-sounding descriptions
  5. Modal Verbs and Possibility: Understand and use modal verbs (can, may, must, might, shall, will, could, should, would) and modal adverbs (perhaps, surely, certainly) to indicate degrees of possibility, necessity, and permission
  6. Progressive and Continuous Tenses: Form and use the progressive (continuous) verb tenses — past progressive (was walking), present progressive (am walking), and future progressive (will be walking) — to convey ongoing actions at different times

2. Grade 4 · Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups and teacher-led) with diverse partners on fourth grade topics and texts, building on others' ideas and expre

  1. Discussing Texts as a Group: Participate in discussions about what is read, taking turns and listening to others; explain understanding clearly; actively engage in group reading activities
  2. Group discussions: Participate actively in collaborative conversations staying on topic; continue a conversation through multiple exchanges; maintain attention in discussions

3. Grade 4 · Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation and spelling when writing.

  1. Commas Before Joining Words: Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, so, yet) when joining two independent clauses in a compound sentence
  2. Starting and Ending Sentences: Begin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation

4. Grade 4 · Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar, spelling, usage when writing.

  1. Past, Present and Progressive Tense: Use verbs to convey past and present tense correctly and consistently, including the progressive form (e.g., she is drumming, he was shouting), understanding how tense indicates time

5. Grade 4 · Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details and clear event sequences.

  1. Narrative Writing: Write narratives with developed settings, characters and plot, using dialogue and description to develop experiences and show character responses to situations

6. Grade 4 · Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.

  1. Basic Informational Writing: Compose informative or explanatory texts that introduce a topic, use facts and definitions to develop points, and provide a concluding statement or section
  2. Developed Informational and Explanatory Writing: Write informative and explanatory texts that examine a topic and convey ideas clearly — organising information logically with headings and formatting, developing the topic with relevant facts, definitions, details, and quotations, and using precise vocabulary

7. Grade 4 · Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.

  1. Structured Opinion Writing: Compose opinion pieces that introduce a topic, state a clear point of view, provide organised reasons linked with connecting words, and include a concluding statement or section
  2. Fact vs opinion: Distinguish between statements of fact and statements of opinion in texts, recognising how authors blend factual information with subjective viewpoints

8. Grade 4 · Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships and nuances in word meanings.

  1. Advanced Figurative Language: Understand and interpret figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meaning — including allusion, irony, pun, oxymoron, and extended metaphor — and distinguish between connotation and denotation when analysing or choosing words

9. Grade 4 · Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases to expand language comprehension.

  1. Discussing and Questioning New Words: Ask and answer questions about unknown words in texts; discuss word meanings and link new vocabulary to words already known
  2. Greek and Latin Roots for Word Meaning: Use knowledge of Greek and Latin affixes (prefixes and suffixes) and roots as clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words, building a bank of common roots and their meanings

10. Grade 4 · Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.

  1. Reading with Expression and Accuracy: Read aloud with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression (prosody), re-reading familiar texts to build fluency and confidence, and using context to self-correct