# Kindergarten: English language arts A course roadmap (english-language-arts). Language: en. By @si. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0. 0 of 22 concepts ready. In the app: https://ai.page/roadmap/ky-ela-kindergarten Part of: [Kentucky: English language arts](https://ai.page/roadmap/ky-ela.md) Goal: Kentucky academic standards: English language arts, Kindergarten ## 1. Language · With guidance and support from adults, explore word relationships and nuances in word meanings. - [Discussing and Questioning New Words](https://ai.page/c/discussing-and-questioning-new-words/index.md): Ask and answer questions about unknown words in texts; discuss word meanings and link new vocabulary to words already known - [Sorting & Categorising Words](https://ai.page/c/sorting-and-categorising-words/index.md): Sort common objects and words into categories to understand how concepts relate; demonstrate understanding of opposites (antonyms) for common verbs and adjectives ## 2. Language · When writing: - [Single Letter Sounds](https://ai.page/c/single-letter-sounds/index.md): Know the primary sound for each consonant and the short and long sounds for the five major vowels; respond speedily to single-letter graphemes - [Segmenting words into sounds](https://ai.page/c/segmenting-words-into-sounds/index.md): Segment spoken words into phonemes and spell CVC and simple phonetically regular words by writing a letter or letters for each sound - [Starting and Ending Sentences](https://ai.page/c/starting-and-ending-sentences/index.md): Begin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation - [Capitals for Names, Days and I](https://ai.page/c/capitals-for-names-days-and-i/index.md): Use capital letters for proper nouns (names of people, places) the days of the week, and the personal pronoun 'I' ## 3. Language · When writing or speaking, demonstrate appropriate use of: - [Building sentences](https://ai.page/c/building-sentences/index.md): Understand that words combine to make sentences — a sentence expresses a complete thought; produce and expand complete sentences in speech and writing - [Saying Sentences Before Writing Them](https://ai.page/c/saying-sentences-before-writing-them/index.md): Say out loud what is going to be written; compose sentences orally before writing them down as preparation for independent writing - [Question Words](https://ai.page/c/question-words/index.md): Understand and use question words (who, what, where, when, why, how) to form and answer questions - [Regular Plural Nouns](https://ai.page/c/regular-plural-nouns/index.md): Form and use regular plural nouns orally and in writing by adding -s or -es; understand that plural means more than one - [Basic Nouns & Verbs](https://ai.page/c/basic-nouns-and-verbs/index.md): Use frequently occurring nouns (people, places, things) and verbs (action words) appropriately in speech and writing ## 4. Composition · Compose narratives, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to develop real or imagined experiences or multiple events or ideas, using effective techniq - [Narrative Writing](https://ai.page/c/narrative-writing/index.md): Write narratives with developed settings, characters and plot, using dialogue and description to develop experiences and show character responses to situations - [Writing to inform](https://ai.page/c/writing-to-inform/index.md): Compose informative or explanatory texts using drawing, dictating, or writing that name a topic and supply some information about it ## 5. Composition · Compose informative and/or explanatory texts, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to establish a topic and supply information about the topic. - [Basic Informational Writing](https://ai.page/c/basic-informational-writing/index.md): Compose informative or explanatory texts that introduce a topic, use facts and definitions to develop points, and provide a concluding statement or section ## 6. Composition · Compose opinion pieces, using a combination of drawing, dictating, writing and digital resources, to state the topic and an opinion. - [Writing opinions](https://ai.page/c/writing-opinions/index.md): Compose opinion pieces using drawing, dictating, or writing that name a topic or book and state a preference or opinion about it - [Structured Opinion Writing](https://ai.page/c/structured-opinion-writing/index.md): Compose opinion pieces that introduce a topic, state a clear point of view, provide organised reasons linked with connecting words, and include a concluding statement or section ## 7. Reading Foundational Skills · Read fluently (accuracy, speed, and prosody) on grade-level to support comprehension. - [Reading fluently](https://ai.page/c/reading-fluently/index.md): Read aloud books matched to phonic ability accurately and with growing fluency; reread familiar texts to build confidence, speed, and expression ## 8. Reading Foundational Skills · Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. - [Blending Sounds to Read Words](https://ai.page/c/blending-sounds-to-read-words/index.md): Apply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+ phonemes ## 9. Reading Foundational Skills · Demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables and sounds (phonemes). - [Syllables](https://ai.page/c/syllables/index.md): Count, blend, and segment syllables in spoken words; divide written words into syllables as an aid to reading and spelling - [Rhyming words](https://ai.page/c/rhyming-words/index.md): Recognise and produce rhyming words; join in with predictable phrases and rhymes in stories and poems; learn to appreciate and recite poems by heart ## 10. Reading Foundational Skills · Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print to aid in comprehension. - [Understanding print](https://ai.page/c/understanding-print/index.md): Demonstrate understanding that print carries meaning, follows left-to-right top-to-bottom directionality, and is organised page by page in books - [Knowing all letters](https://ai.page/c/knowing-all-letters/index.md): Recognise and name all uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet; name the letters in order and use letter names to distinguish between alternative spellings ## Health: 0 of 100 Of its 22 own concepts: 0 have an explanation, 0 have practice, 0 have a measurement question, 0 have a checked version. Findings (each is a task for anyone's AI): - Discussing and Questioning New Words has no explanation yet - Sorting & Categorising Words has no explanation yet - Single Letter Sounds comes before Knowing all letters, which it needs - Single Letter Sounds has no explanation yet - Segmenting words into sounds has no explanation yet - Starting and Ending Sentences comes before Building sentences, which it needs - Starting and Ending Sentences has no explanation yet - Capitals for Names, Days and I has no explanation yet - Building sentences has no explanation yet - Saying Sentences Before Writing Them has no explanation yet - Question Words has no explanation yet - Regular Plural Nouns has no explanation yet - Basic Nouns & Verbs has no explanation yet - Narrative Writing has no explanation yet - Writing to inform has no explanation yet - Basic Informational Writing has no explanation yet - Writing opinions has no explanation yet - Structured Opinion Writing has no explanation yet - Reading fluently comes before Blending Sounds to Read Words, which it needs - Reading fluently has no explanation yet - Blending Sounds to Read Words has no explanation yet - Syllables has no explanation yet - Rhyming words has no explanation yet - Understanding print has no explanation yet - Knowing all letters has no explanation yet Credit: The structure of Kentucky academic standards: English language arts (https://kystandards.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/KAS-for-Reading-and-Writing-FINAL.pdf); concepts from the Marble Skill Taxonomy (v1), © Generative Spark, Inc. (withmarble.com), text CC BY-SA 4.0, database ODbL 1.0: https://github.com/withmarbleapp/os-taxonomy, mapped to its standards by Marble.