# Grade 2: English language arts A course roadmap (english-language-arts). Language: en. By @si. Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0. 0 of 37 concepts ready. In the app: https://ai.page/roadmap/ma-ela-grade-2 Part of: [Massachusetts: English language arts](https://ai.page/roadmap/ma-ela.md) Goal: Massachusetts academic standards: English language arts, Grade 2 ## 1. Language - [Using New Vocabulary](https://ai.page/c/using-new-vocabulary/index.md): Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, being read to, and responding to texts in own speech and writing - [Shades of Meaning](https://ai.page/c/shades-of-meaning/index.md): Distinguish shades of meaning among verbs describing similar actions and among adjectives differing in intensity; make real-life connections between words and their use - [Discussing and Questioning New Words](https://ai.page/c/discussing-and-questioning-new-words/index.md): Ask and answer questions about unknown words in texts; discuss word meanings and link new vocabulary to words already known - [Formal and Informal English](https://ai.page/c/formal-and-informal-english/index.md): Recognise and compare formal and informal uses of English, understanding that language choices vary based on audience, purpose and context - [Starting and Ending Sentences](https://ai.page/c/starting-and-ending-sentences/index.md): Begin sentences with a capital letter and end them with the appropriate mark (full stop, question mark, or exclamation mark); recognise and name end punctuation ## 2. Speaking and Listening - [Building sentences](https://ai.page/c/building-sentences/index.md): Understand that words combine to make sentences — a sentence expresses a complete thought; produce and expand complete sentences in speech and writing - [Reciting Poetry](https://ai.page/c/reciting-poetry/index.md): Learn poems by heart and recite with appropriate intonation, adding visual displays to descriptions when appropriate, and producing complete sentences in spoken presentations - [Reporting & Recounting](https://ai.page/c/reporting-and-recounting/index.md): Report on a topic or recount an experience with organised facts and descriptive details, speaking clearly at an understandable pace - [Asking Questions](https://ai.page/c/asking-questions/index.md): Ask relevant questions to extend understanding; ask and answer questions to seek help, get information, or clarify something not understood - [Group discussions](https://ai.page/c/group-discussions/index.md): Participate actively in collaborative conversations staying on topic; continue a conversation through multiple exchanges; maintain attention in discussions ## 3. Writing - [Writing for an audience](https://ai.page/c/writing-for-an-audience/index.md): Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organisation are appropriate to the task, purpose, and audience, maintaining a consistent style and structure throughout - [Writing to inform](https://ai.page/c/writing-to-inform/index.md): Compose informative or explanatory texts using drawing, dictating, or writing that name a topic and supply some information about it - [Shared Research Projects](https://ai.page/c/shared-research-projects/index.md): Participate in shared research and writing projects; recall information from experiences or gather information from sources to answer a question - [Sharing and Publishing Your Writing](https://ai.page/c/sharing-and-publishing-your-writing/index.md): Read own writing aloud clearly enough to be heard by peers and the teacher; use digital tools to produce and publish writing - [Revising and editing](https://ai.page/c/revising-and-editing/index.md): Proof-read own writing to check for errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation; evaluate and revise writing with teacher/peer support, re-reading to ensure meaning is clear and tense is consistent - [Revising and editing (age 8+)](https://ai.page/c/revising-and-editing-age-8/index.md): Read back your own writing critically and independently — notice where meaning is unclear, where a word could be stronger, or where the reader might be confused; make revisions without needing teacher prompts, using your own judgment about what is and isn't working - [Narrative Writing](https://ai.page/c/narrative-writing/index.md): Write narratives with developed settings, characters and plot, using dialogue and description to develop experiences and show character responses to situations - [Basic Informational Writing](https://ai.page/c/basic-informational-writing/index.md): Compose informative or explanatory texts that introduce a topic, use facts and definitions to develop points, and provide a concluding statement or section - [Writing opinions](https://ai.page/c/writing-opinions/index.md): Compose opinion pieces using drawing, dictating, or writing that name a topic or book and state a preference or opinion about it - [Structured Opinion Writing](https://ai.page/c/structured-opinion-writing/index.md): Compose opinion pieces that introduce a topic, state a clear point of view, provide organised reasons linked with connecting words, and include a concluding statement or section ## 4. Reading Standards for Foundational Skills - [Blending Sounds to Read Words](https://ai.page/c/blending-sounds-to-read-words/index.md): Apply phonic knowledge to blend sounds in unfamiliar words containing taught grapheme-phoneme correspondences; respond speedily to graphemes for all 40+ phonemes - [Reading fluently](https://ai.page/c/reading-fluently/index.md): Read aloud books matched to phonic ability accurately and with growing fluency; reread familiar texts to build confidence, speed, and expression ## 5. Reading Standards for Informational Text - [Main Topic of Informational Texts](https://ai.page/c/main-topic-of-informational-texts/index.md): Identify the main topic and retell key details of informational texts; describe connections between individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information - [Why the author wrote it](https://ai.page/c/why-the-author-wrote-it/index.md): Distinguish one's own point of view from that of the author of an informational text and identify the author's purpose - [How authors support their points](https://ai.page/c/how-authors-support-their-points/index.md): Explain how an author of an informational text uses reasons and evidence to support particular points, evaluating whether the reasoning is sound and the evidence is relevant and sufficient - [Pictures and Text Working Together](https://ai.page/c/pictures-and-text-working-together/index.md): Describe the relationship between illustrations and the text in which they appear; use pictures to support and extend comprehension - [Non-Fiction Text Features](https://ai.page/c/non-fiction-text-features/index.md): Recognise different non-fiction text structures and features (headings, contents, glossary, index), understanding how texts are organised to present information - [Main Topic & Key Details](https://ai.page/c/main-topic-and-key-details/index.md): Identify the main topic of a multi-paragraph informational text, determine the focus of specific paragraphs, and explain how key details support the main idea - [Connecting Ideas in Texts](https://ai.page/c/connecting-ideas-in-texts/index.md): Describe connections between events, ideas, or concepts in informational text using time, sequence, cause-and-effect, and comparison language, and identify logical connections between sentences and paragraphs - [Explaining Events & Ideas](https://ai.page/c/explaining-events-and-ideas/index.md): Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in an informational text, including what happened and why, by citing specific textual evidence about causes, effects, and steps in a process - [Reading between the lines](https://ai.page/c/reading-between-the-lines/index.md): Ask and answer questions about key details in literary and informational texts; make simple inferences based on what characters say and do ## 6. Reading Standards for Literature - [Listening to Texts Read Aloud](https://ai.page/c/listening-to-texts-read-aloud/index.md): Listen to and discuss poems, stories, and non-fiction at a level beyond independent reading; confirm understanding of texts read aloud by asking and answering questions about key details - [Comparing Characters Across Stories](https://ai.page/c/comparing-characters-across-stories/index.md): Compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories; identify similarities and differences between two texts on the same topic - [Retelling Stories with Structure](https://ai.page/c/retelling-stories-with-structure/index.md): Retell stories including key details in sequence, describe characters, settings, and major events using evidence from the text, and describe the overall structure of a story (beginning, middle, ending) - [Characters' Viewpoints and Responses](https://ai.page/c/characters-viewpoints-and-responses/index.md): Identify and compare characters' points of view, recognise who is narrating a story, describe how characters respond to events and challenges, and compare characters' experiences across different stories or versions of the same story - [Writing Poetry](https://ai.page/c/writing-poetry/index.md): Write poetry, exploring patterns of language, rhyme and rhythm, and learning poems by heart for recitation with appropriate intonation - [Morals in Fables, Folktales and Myths](https://ai.page/c/morals-in-fables-folktales-and-myths/index.md): Explain how the central message, lesson, or moral of a story is conveyed through key details across diverse text types including fables, folktales, and myths ## Health: 0 of 100 Of its 37 own concepts: 0 have an explanation, 0 have practice, 0 have a measurement question, 0 have a checked version. Findings (each is a task for anyone's AI): - Using New Vocabulary has no explanation yet - Shades of Meaning has no explanation yet - Discussing and Questioning New Words has no explanation yet - Formal and Informal English has no explanation yet - Starting and Ending Sentences comes before Building sentences, which it needs - Starting and Ending Sentences has no explanation yet - Building sentences has no explanation yet - Reciting Poetry has no explanation yet - Reporting & Recounting has no explanation yet - Asking Questions has no explanation yet - Group discussions has no explanation yet - Writing for an audience has no explanation yet - Writing to inform has no explanation yet - Shared Research Projects has no explanation yet - Sharing and Publishing Your Writing has no explanation yet - Revising and editing has no explanation yet - Revising and editing (age 8+) has no explanation yet - Narrative Writing has no explanation yet - Basic Informational Writing has no explanation yet - Writing opinions has no explanation yet - Structured Opinion Writing has no explanation yet - Blending Sounds to Read Words has no explanation yet - Reading fluently has no explanation yet - Main Topic of Informational Texts comes before Listening to Texts Read Aloud, which it needs - Main Topic of Informational Texts has no explanation yet - Why the author wrote it has no explanation yet - How authors support their points has no explanation yet - Pictures and Text Working Together has no explanation yet - Non-Fiction Text Features has no explanation yet - Main Topic & Key Details has no explanation yet - Connecting Ideas in Texts has no explanation yet - Explaining Events & Ideas has no explanation yet - Reading between the lines has no explanation yet - Listening to Texts Read Aloud has no explanation yet - Comparing Characters Across Stories has no explanation yet - Retelling Stories with Structure has no explanation yet - Characters' Viewpoints and Responses has no explanation yet - Writing Poetry has no explanation yet - Morals in Fables, Folktales and Myths has no explanation yet Credit: The structure of Massachusetts academic standards: English language arts (http://www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/ela/2017-06.pdf); concepts from the Marble Skill Taxonomy (v1), © Generative Spark, Inc. (withmarble.com), text CC BY-SA 4.0, database ODbL 1.0: https://github.com/withmarbleapp/os-taxonomy, mapped to its standards by Marble.