How to learn Kindergarten: Mathematics

Missouri academic standards: Mathematics, Kindergarten

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1. Data and Statistics · Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category.

1. Sorting into categories: Classify objects into given categories, count the number in each category, and sort the categories by count

2. Geometry and Measurement · Analyze squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders and spheres.

1. 2-D shapes: Recognise and name common 2-D shapes (circles, triangles, rectangles including squares)
2. Composing Shapes: Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids, triangles, half-circles, quarter-circles) to create composite shapes, and compose new shapes from the composite shape
3. 3-D shapes: Recognise and name common 3-D shapes (cubes, cuboids, pyramids, spheres, cylinders, cones)
4. Sorting 2-D and 3-D shapes: Compare and sort common 2-D and 3-D shapes and everyday objects by their properties

3. Relationships and Algebraic Thinking · Understand addition as putting together or adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart or taking from.

1. Addition as combining or putting together two: Understand addition as combining or putting together two groups to find the total
2. Subtraction as taking away or separating: Understand subtraction as taking away or separating from a group to find how many remain
3. Finding a missing number in addition: Understand subtraction as finding an unknown addend (e.g. 10 − 8 = ? is the same as 8 + ? = 10)

4. Number Sense and Operations in Base Ten · Work with numbers 11 – 19 to gain foundations of place value.

1. The teen numbers: Understand that the teen numbers (11–19) are composed of ten ones and some further ones (early place value)

5. Number Sense · Compare numbers.

1. Comparing groups: more or fewer: Compare two groups of objects to determine which has more, fewer, or whether they are equal, using matching and counting strategies

6. Number Sense · Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality.

1. One-to-one counting: One-to-one correspondence when counting objects: each object is paired with exactly one number name
2. How Many in Total?: Cardinality principle: the last number said when counting a set tells how many objects are in the set, regardless of arrangement or order counted
3. Counting objects to 20: Count a set of objects to answer 'how many?' for sets up to 20 (arranged in lines, arrays, circles, or scattered)