How to learn Grade 1: Mathematics

North Carolina academic standards: Mathematics, Grade 1

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1. Geometry

1. Halves & Quarters of Shapes: Partition circles and rectangles into two and four equal shares and describe them using the words halves, fourths, and quarters
2. Composing Shapes: Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids, triangles, half-circles, quarter-circles) to create composite shapes, and compose new shapes from the composite shape
3. Building with 3-D Shapes: Compose three-dimensional shapes (cubes, right rectangular prisms, right circular cones, right circular cylinders) and create composite shapes; build new shapes from component shapes
4. Angles in triangles (age 6+): Distinguish defining attributes of shapes (e.g. triangles are closed and three-sided) from non-defining attributes (e.g. colour, orientation, overall size)

2. Measurement and Data

1. Sorting Data into Categories: Organise and represent data with up to three categories by counting objects in each category and sorting categories by quantity
2. Sorting into categories (age 6+): Interpret categorical data by asking and answering questions about totals, how many in each category, and how many more or less one category has than another
3. Halves and quarters (age 7+): Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and ¢ symbols appropriately
4. Telling Time: Hours and Half Hours: Tell the time to the hour and half past the hour, and draw clock hands to show these times
5. Measuring length (age 6+): Measure the length of an object using same-size length units laid end to end with no gaps or overlaps
6. Measuring with different units: Measure the length of an object using two different length units and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit chosen
7. Measuring length: Order three objects by length and compare the lengths of two objects indirectly using a third object
8. Comparing lengths by measuring: Measure to determine how much longer one object is than another, expressing the length difference in terms of a standard length unit

3. Number and Operations in Base Ten

1. Subtracting multiples of 10: Subtract multiples of 10 (10–90) from multiples of 10 using place value strategies
2. The two digits of a two-digit number: Understand that the two digits of a two-digit number represent amounts of tens and ones
3. 10 More or 10 Less: Mentally find 10 more or 10 less than a given two-digit number without counting
4. Adding numbers: Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
5. Adding within 100: Add within 100 using strategies based on place value, including adding a two-digit and one-digit number, and a two-digit and a multiple of 10
6. Comparing and ordering numbers: Compare and order two-digit numbers using the symbols >, =, and <, based on place value understanding
7. Reading and writing numbers to 20: Read and write numerals from 0 to 20
8. Reading and writing numbers to 100: Read and write numerals from 0 to 100
9. Counting in 2s: Count in multiples of 2, 5, and 10 (skip counting)

4. Operations and Algebraic Thinking

1. What the equals sign means: Understand the meaning of the equal sign as 'is the same as' and determine if equations are true or false
2. Unknown in Addition & Subtraction: Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers
3. Fluent adding and subtracting within 10: Fluently add and subtract within 10
4. Addition and subtraction within 20: Add and subtract within 20 using strategies such as making ten, decomposing a number leading to ten, and using known facts
5. Properties of Operations: Apply properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive) as strategies to multiply and divide
6. Addition and subtraction word problems: Solve addition and subtraction word problems within 10 using objects or drawings