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How to learn Grade 4: English language arts

North Dakota academic standards: English language arts, Grade 4

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1. Fourth Grade · Recognize and use parts of speech in sentences:

  1. Grammar Terms: Pronouns and Determiners: Know and use Year 4 grammar terminology including determiner, pronoun, possessive pronoun, and adverbial
  2. Comparatives & Superlatives: Form and use comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs, choosing correctly between them
  3. Past, Present and Progressive Tense: Use verbs to convey past and present tense correctly and consistently, including the progressive form (e.g., she is drumming, he was shouting), understanding how tense indicates time

2. Fourth Grade · Compose simple and compound declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences.

  1. Four Types of Sentences: Understand and use the four sentence types — statement, question, exclamation, and command — recognising how grammatical patterns indicate sentence function
  2. Types of Sentences: Choose among and construct simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to signal different relationships among ideas, varying sentence patterns deliberately for meaning, interest, and style
  3. Varying Sentence Structure: Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, reader interest, and style, using techniques such as embedding clauses, using appositives, and varying sentence length

3. Fourth Grade · Develop and strengthen writing utilizing the five steps appropriate to the task.

  1. Sharing and Publishing Your Writing: Read own writing aloud clearly enough to be heard by peers and the teacher; use digital tools to produce and publish writing
  2. Revising and editing (age 7+): Evaluate and edit writing by assessing effectiveness, proposing changes to grammar and vocabulary for consistency, and proof-reading for spelling, grammar and punctuation errors at Y3-4 level
  3. Planning Ideas Before Writing: Plan before writing by saying aloud or noting down what will be written, writing down ideas and key words, and encapsulating ideas sentence by sentence before composing

4. Fourth Grade · Analyze a variety of fiction and poetry texts.

  1. Comparing Books: Make comparisons within and across books, identifying similarities and differences in themes, characters, settings, and authorial choices across multiple texts
  2. Character Traits and Motivation: Analyse character traits, motivations, and feelings using text evidence, and distinguish one's own point of view from that of the narrator or characters

5. Fourth Grade · Determine the structure of an informational text:

  1. Structure of information texts: Describe the overall structure of an informational text (chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) and explain how the author's chosen structure helps convey information and ideas
  2. Comparing Structure in Information Texts: Compare and contrast the overall structure of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more informational texts, identifying patterns such as chronology, comparison, cause/effect, or problem/solution

6. Fourth Grade · Encode words using the combined knowledge of syllabication patterns and morphology in context and out of context:

  1. Greek and Latin Roots for Word Meaning: Use knowledge of Greek and Latin affixes (prefixes and suffixes) and roots as clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words, building a bank of common roots and their meanings
  2. Syllables (age 6+): Decode words of two or more syllables by breaking them into syllable chunks, applying knowledge that every syllable must contain a vowel sound, and blending the parts together

7. Fourth Grade · Decode words using the combined knowledge of syllabication patterns and morphology in context and out of context:

  1. Decoding unfamiliar words: Read Y3-4 exception words with unusual spelling-sound correspondences, applying growing knowledge of morphology and etymology to decode unfamiliar exception words