How to learn Year 3: Mathematics

The New Zealand Curriculum (Ministry of Education): Mathematics, Year 3

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1. Number · Operations

Place value understanding and number facts: Use place value understanding and number facts to solve problems
Adding and subtracting (age 7+): Add and subtract numbers with up to three digits using formal written methods of columnar addition and subtraction
Adding numbers: Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
Reading and writing numbers to 1000: Read and write numbers to 1000 in numerals, number names, and expanded form
Two-step addition and subtraction problems: Solve addition and subtraction two-step problems in contexts, deciding which operations and methods to use and why
Counting in 2s: Count in multiples of 2, 5, and 10 (skip counting)
Properties of Operations: Apply properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive) as strategies to multiply and divide
Times tables: Recall and use multiplication and division facts for the 2, 5, and 10 multiplication tables
Written Multiplication: Multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers by a one-digit number using formal written layout

Comparing fractions: Compare and order unit fractions, and fractions with the same denominator
Fractions of amounts: Recognise, find, name, and write fractions 1/3, 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4 of a length, shape, set of objects, or quantity
Equivalent fractions: Recognise and show, using diagrams, equivalent fractions with small denominators

Fractions of a whole: Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts; understand a/b as a parts of size 1/b
Unit fractions: Recognise, find, and write fractions of a discrete set of objects: unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators

Adding money and giving change: Find different combinations of coins that equal the same amount of money
Giving Change: Add and subtract amounts of money to give change, using both £ and p in practical contexts

Connecting Representations: Move between real-world situations, drawings, and number sentences, explaining how each representation connects to the others (quantitative reasoning)

Patterns & Sequences: Order and arrange combinations of mathematical objects in patterns and sequences
Extending Table Patterns: Recognise and use repeated reasoning to generalise: extend multiplication table patterns, derive unknown facts from known ones, and describe rules for sequences

Calculating with measurements: Measure, compare, add, and subtract lengths (m/cm/mm), mass (kg/g), and volume/capacity (l/ml) using standard units

Telling time to the minute (age 7+): Tell and write time from analogue and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, using a.m., p.m., and 12-hour and 24-hour notation
Telling time to the minute (age 8+): Tell and write time to the nearest minute using analogue and digital clocks
Comparing Time Durations: Compare durations of events and calculate the time taken by particular events or tasks

Regular and irregular polygons: Distinguish between regular and irregular polygons based on reasoning about equal sides and equal angles
2-D shapes: Recognise and name common 2-D shapes (circles, triangles, rectangles including squares)
Understanding angles: Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn
2-D shapes (age 6+): Identify and describe properties of 2-D shapes including the number of sides and line symmetry in a vertical line
3-D shapes: Recognise and name common 3-D shapes (cubes, cuboids, pyramids, spheres, cylinders, cones)

Positional Language: Describe the position of objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, next to
Position, direction, and movement: Use mathematical vocabulary to describe position, direction, and movement, including straight lines and distinguishing rotation as a turn in terms of right angles (quarter, half, three-quarter turns, clockwise and anti-clockwise)
Describing Movements: Describe movements between positions as translations of a given unit to the left/right and up/down

Sorting into categories (age 6+): Interpret categorical data by asking and answering questions about totals, how many in each category, and how many more or less one category has than another

Pictograms and tally charts: Interpret and construct simple pictograms, tally charts, block diagrams, and simple tables