How to learn Grade 3: Mathematics
Minnesota academic standards: Mathematics, Grade 3
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1. Data Analysis · Collect, organize, display, and interpret data. Use labels and a variety of scales and units in displays.
- Pictograms and tally charts (age 6+): Read, write, and use the vocabulary of data collection and display — data, tally, tally chart, frequency, frequency table, survey, pictogram, bar chart, axis/axes, scale, label, category, discrete data, continuous data, line graph, pie chart — and apply these terms when collecting, organising, and presenting data
2. Geometry & Measurement · Use time, money and temperature to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
- Measuring temperature: Use negative numbers in context (temperature, finance, sea level); calculate intervals across zero
- Working with money: Model real-world problems involving measurement, money, and time by choosing appropriate representations and interpreting results in context
- Telling time to the minute (age 7+): Tell and write time from analogue and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, using a.m., p.m., and 12-hour and 24-hour notation
- Telling time to the minute (age 8+): Tell and write time to the nearest minute using analogue and digital clocks
3. Geometry & Measurement · Understand perimeter as a measurable attribute of real-world and mathematical objects. Use various tools to measure distances.
- Measuring Perimeters: Measure the perimeter of simple 2-D shapes
4. Geometry & Measurement · Use geometric attributes to describe and create shapes in various contexts.
- Understanding angles: Recognise angles as a property of shape or a description of a turn
- Lines, Rays & Angles: Draw and identify points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines; identify these in two-dimensional figures
- Classifying shapes by line properties: Classify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines, or angles of a specified size; recognise right triangles as a category
5. Algebra · Use number sentences involving multiplication and division basic facts and unknowns to represent and solve real-world and mathematical problems; create real-world situations corresponding to
- Using objects to model real problems: Use objects, drawings, or simple number sentences to represent a real-world situation (early mathematical modelling)
- Connecting maths to real life: Represent real-world problems with number sentences, bar models, or diagrams, and interpret the mathematical result back in context
6. Algebra · Use single-operation input-output rules to represent patterns and relationships and to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
- Algebraic Transformations: Model situations or procedures by translating them into algebraic expressions or formulae and by using graphs; move between word problems, algebraic representations, tables, and graphical representations
7. Number & Operation · Understand meanings and uses of fractions in real-world and mathematical situations.
- Fraction Notation: Read, write, and use fraction notation correctly — fraction, numerator, denominator, unit fraction, non-unit fraction, proper fraction, improper fraction, mixed number, equivalent fraction, simplest form — and understand what each term describes, including the roles of the numerator and denominator in expressing parts of a whole
- Fractions on a number line: Recognise and use fractions as numbers: place unit fractions and non-unit fractions with small denominators on a number line
- Comparing fractions: Compare and order unit fractions, and fractions with the same denominator
- Fractions of a whole: Understand a fraction 1/b as the quantity formed by 1 part when a whole is partitioned into b equal parts; understand a/b as a parts of size 1/b
- Understanding fractions: Move fluently between real-world situations, diagrams, and symbolic equations involving three-digit numbers and fractions, explaining what each part represents
8. Number & Operation · Add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers; represent multiplication and division in various ways; solve real-world and mathematical problems using arithmetic.
- Adding numbers: Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
- Adding and subtracting mixed numbers: Add and subtract mixed numbers with like denominators, including by converting to improper fractions or using properties of operations
- What Multiplication Means: Interpret products of whole numbers (e.g. 5 × 7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7)
- Numbers on a number line: Represent whole numbers as lengths on a number line and represent sums and differences within 100 on a number line diagram
9. Number & Operation · Compare and represent whole numbers up to 100,000 with an emphasis on place value and equality.
- Ordering Numbers to 1000: Compare and order numbers up to 1000 using >, =, and < symbols, based on place-value understanding
- Representing Numbers: Identify, represent, and estimate numbers using different representations including the number line
- Numbers to 10,000: Identify, represent, and estimate numbers up to 10,000 using different representations
- Comparing Large Numbers: Order and compare numbers beyond 1000
- Rounding to 10, 100, 1000: Round any number to the nearest 10, 100, or 1000
- Rounding Large Numbers: Round any whole number up to 1,000,000 to the nearest 10, 100, 1,000, 10,000, or 100,000 using place-value understanding
- 10 or 100 More or Less: Find 10 or 100 more or less than a given number up to 1000
- Place Value to 1000: Solve number problems and practical problems involving place value of numbers up to 1000