How to learn Grade 4: Science

Ohio academic standards: Science, Grade 4

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1. Physical Science

Classifying Organisms: Describe how living things are classified into broad groups (micro-organisms, plants, animals) according to common observable characteristics, similarities, and differences
Ocean Ecosystems: Understand ocean ecosystems as interconnected systems where living things (producers, consumers, decomposers) and non-living factors (temperature, salinity, light, currents) all interact, and that changes to one part affect the whole system
Changing Environments: Recognise that environments can change and that this can sometimes pose dangers and challenges to living things
Heating & Cooling Changes: Observe and describe that some materials change state when heated or cooled, and measure the temperature at which changes occur in degrees Celsius
Naming types of energy: Name and use vocabulary for types of energy and energy transfer — kinetic energy, potential energy, heat energy, light energy, sound energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, stored energy, energy transfer, energy transformation — and describe energy changes in familiar situations using these terms
Building a simple circuit: Construct a simple series electrical circuit, identifying and naming its basic parts: cells, wires, bulbs, switches, and buzzers
How energy travels around: Observe and provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents
Building an energy-converting device: Apply scientific ideas to design, test, and refine a device that converts energy from one form to another
Conductors and insulators: Recognise some common conductors and insulators, and associate metals with being good conductors of electricity
Erosion and weathering: Make observations and measurements to provide evidence of the effects of weathering or the rate of erosion by water, ice, wind, or vegetation
Evaporation and condensation: Name and use vocabulary for the water cycle — evaporation, condensation, precipitation, collection, transpiration, water vapour, runoff, groundwater — and describe each stage of the cycle using these terms in the correct sequence
Finding patterns in data: Analyse and interpret data from maps to describe patterns of Earth's features, recognising that many features result from processes that occur over long periods
Predicting Motion Patterns: Make observations and measurements of an object's motion to provide evidence that a pattern can be used to predict future motion
Conservation of Mass: Measure and provide evidence that the total weight of matter is conserved regardless of the type of change (heating, cooling, or mixing)
What happens when things collide: Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide

2. Life Science

Natural Disaster Solutions: Generate and compare multiple solutions to reduce the impacts of natural Earth processes on humans, such as earthquakes, floods, or volcanic eruptions
How fossils form: Identify evidence from patterns in rock formations and fossils in rock layers to support an explanation for changes in a landscape over time
Fossils as Evidence: Analyse and interpret data from fossils to provide evidence of organisms and environments that existed long ago
Life Changed Over Time: Recognise that living things have changed over time and that fossils provide information about organisms that inhabited the Earth millions of years ago
Habitats & Basic Needs: Identify that most living things live in habitats to which they are suited and describe how habitats provide for basic needs and how organisms depend on each other
Shapes of land and water: Develop a model to represent the shapes and kinds of land (mountains, valleys, plains) and bodies of water (rivers, lakes, oceans) in an area
How animals adapt to environments: Identify how animals and plants are adapted to suit their environment and understand that adaptation may lead to evolution over time