How to learn Grade 1: Mathematics

Washington academic standards: Mathematics, Grade 1

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1. Data Science

1. Guided Multi-Step Problem Solving: With teacher guidance, make sense of multi-step and more complex problems by planning a pathway to the solution, identifying relevant information, and choosing appropriate operations
2. Sorting Data into Categories: Organise and represent data with up to three categories by counting objects in each category and sorting categories by quantity
3. Pictograms and tally charts: Interpret and construct simple pictograms, tally charts, block diagrams, and simple tables

2. Geometry

1. Halves & Quarters of Shapes: Partition circles and rectangles into two and four equal shares and describe them using the words halves, fourths, and quarters
2. Decomposing a shape into more equal shares: Understand that decomposing a shape into more equal shares creates smaller shares
3. Composing Shapes: Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids, triangles, half-circles, quarter-circles) to create composite shapes, and compose new shapes from the composite shape
4. Angles in triangles (age 6+): Distinguish defining attributes of shapes (e.g. triangles are closed and three-sided) from non-defining attributes (e.g. colour, orientation, overall size)

3. Measurement and Data

1. Telling Time: Hours and Half Hours: Tell the time to the hour and half past the hour, and draw clock hands to show these times
2. Measuring length (age 6+): Measure the length of an object using same-size length units laid end to end with no gaps or overlaps
3. Measuring length: Order three objects by length and compare the lengths of two objects indirectly using a third object

4. Numbers and Operations in Base Ten

1. Subtracting multiples of 10: Subtract multiples of 10 (10–90) from multiples of 10 using place value strategies
2. The two digits of a two-digit number: Understand that the two digits of a two-digit number represent amounts of tens and ones
3. 10 More or 10 Less: Mentally find 10 more or 10 less than a given two-digit number without counting
4. Adding numbers: Add up to four two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and properties of operations
5. Reading and writing numbers to 120: Count to 120 starting at any number less than 120; read and write numerals to 120

5. Operations and Algebraic Thinking

1. What the equals sign means: Understand the meaning of the equal sign as 'is the same as' and determine if equations are true or false
2. Unknown in Addition & Subtraction: Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers
3. Addition and subtraction within 20: Add and subtract within 20 using strategies such as making ten, decomposing a number leading to ten, and using known facts
4. Addition and subtraction strategies: Use counting on and counting back as strategies for addition and subtraction
5. Finding a missing number in addition: Understand subtraction as finding an unknown addend (e.g. 10 − 8 = ? is the same as 8 + ? = 10)
6. Properties of Operations: Apply properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive) as strategies to multiply and divide
7. Understanding fractions: Move fluently between real-world situations, diagrams, and symbolic equations involving three-digit numbers and fractions, explaining what each part represents
8. Addition and subtraction word problems: Solve addition and subtraction word problems within 10 using objects or drawings